Volume 2 Issue 1 February 2023
Sustainable Development in Green Energies and the Environment
ABSTRACT
The move towards a de-carbonized world, driven partly by climate science and partly by the business opportunities it offers, will need the promotion of environmentally friendly alternatives if an acceptable stabilization level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is to be achieved. This requires the harnessing and use of natural resources that produce no air pollution or greenhouse gases and provides comfortable coexistence of humans, livestock, and plants. This article presents a comprehensive review of energy sources, and the development of sustainable technologies to explore these energy sources. It also includes potential renewable energy technologies, efficient energy systems, energy savings techniques, and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate change. The article concludes with the technical status of the ground source heat pump (GSHP)
technologies.
Knowledge, Awareness, and Practice on Natural Disasters among Residents of San Juan Baño Arayat, Pampanga
Allain James T. Aquino1, Mark Bernie Carreon2
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to find out the knowledge, awareness, and practice of natural
disasters among the selected residents of Barangay San Juan Baño, Arayat,
Pampanga. National Integrated Climate Change Database Information and
Exchange System, Climate change is the long-term change in climate (i.e.,
temperature, rainfall, extreme weather, etc.). Scientific studies indicate that
most global warming in recent decades is due to the great concentration of
greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere, which is released mainly as a
result of human activities. Causing numerous natural disasters affecting many
communities. This study was conducted to determine the awareness of San
Juan Baño, Arayat, Pampanga to natural disasters, specifically typhoons and
landslides. The study was conducted on randomly selected residents of San
Juan Baño, Arayat, Pampanga. A questionnaire survey was prepared to
determine residents’ awareness of natural disasters. A descriptive analysis of
residents’ responses was used to analyze the data. Based on the analyzed
data, it can be mentioned that the majority of the respondents were aware of
the following natural disasters such as drought, earthquakes, landslides,
floods, extreme heat, wildfires, typhoons, hurricanes, viral epidemics, pest
attacks and volcanic eruptions. In terms of respondents’ awareness of
typhoons, the majority believe that San Juan Baño, Arayat, Pampanga are
prone to typhoons. In terms of Landslides, most of the responses fall under
the “Agree” section that San Juan Baño, Arayat, Pampanga is prone to
landslides causing road destruction, crop damages, destroying houses, power
interruption, and death of family members.
Leaf Litter Arthropods in the Gallery Forest of Jos Zoological Garden, Jos, Plateau State, North Central Nigeria
Njila, H.L*. and Valentine, C.C.
ABSTRACT
Arthropods are an important and the most diverse component of terrestrial
ecosystems and they occupy a wide variety of functional niches.
Consequently, during the rainy season of September to October 2019, a study
on the species composition of leaf litter arthropods in relation to some soil
physicochemical parameters was conducted in the Gallery forest of the Jos
Zoological Garden. Arthropods found in leaf litter were gathered using pitfall
traps. Standard techniques were used to determine the physic-chemical
characteristics of the soil. A total of 965 arthropods were collected,
representing 4 Classes, 12 Orders, 30 Families, 36 Genera, and 39 Species.
There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in the abundance of leaf litter
arthropods in comparison to arthropod taxa, with Insecta accounting for
89.01% of the total, followed by Hymenoptera (48.08%), Formicidae (47.56%),
and Camponotus pennsylvanicus (40.41%) as the most abundant taxa. The
amount of organic matter, pH, temperature, and soil moisture all have an
impact on the diversity and quantity of leaf litter arthropods. The quantity and
variety of leaf litter arthropods depend on the availability of food, suitable
microhabitats, and favorable soil conditions. Therefore, it is advised that the
management of Jos Zoological Garden prohibit all anthropogenic activities.
Performance of Maize (Zea mays) Under Different Sowing Methods and Intra Row Spacing
Abdelrahman Mohammed Ahmed Hamid1*, Yasin Mohammed Ibrahim Dagash1, Samia Osman Yagoub Ali1,
ABSTRACT
The experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of sowing
methods and intra-row spacings on some agronomic characteristics of the
crop, including plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, number of
rows/ear, number of seeds/ row, number of grains per Ear, 1000-grains
weight and grain yield (t.ha-1), were conducted using the cultivar Hudeiba I,
seasons 2019/20 and 2020/21. The experimental design was a randomized
complete block design in a split plot arrangement with three replications.
The main plot was sowing methods (drilling, ridging, and terrace). Subplots
were intra-row spacing of (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm). Sowing methods and
intra-row spacing had significant effects on plant height, number of seeds
per ear, and grain yield. Row spacing had non-significant effects on stem
sickness, number of rows per cob, and 1000-grain weight. Intra-row spacing
at 20 cm gave the highest grain yield (6.99 t.ha-1) and the same intra-row
spacing 20 cm combined with the ridging sowing method gave the
maximum grain yield, so they achieved (8.33 t.ha-1), and intra-row spacing
10 cm with drilling sowing method were gave the highest plant height in
both two seasons, they were achieved 190.13 cm. It’s clear that plant height
increased with the decrease in intra-row spacing. Stem diameter decreased
with the decrease in intra-row spacing. Intra-row spacing (10 cm) in
combination with the terrace sowing method produced the lower grain
yield (3.53 t.ha-1).
Botanic Plant Resources as Insect Pests Administrator of Field Crops
Muhammad Sarwar
ABSTRACT
Owing to growing public awareness and concern about the adverse effects of
pesticides have necessitated the need to look for eco-friendly, safer, and
effective organic methods of pest control. The best solution for this is to follow
indigenous traditional ways of pest control by using plants, which have been
once prevalent all over the world. But with the advent and use of modern
synthetic pesticides, these botanicals more or less vanished. The successful
utilization of botanicals can help to control many of the world’s destructive
insect pests of crops. The botanical pesticides could be divided into the 1st
generation including nicotine, rotenone, sabadilla, ryania, pyrethrum, and
plant essential oils; while the 2nd generation comprises synthetic pyrethroids
and azadirachtin, as well as potential new botanicals. Botanical pesticides may
affect insect nerves, while others may affect the molting process. Different
botanical formulations have been reported from time to time showing
pronounced insecticidal activity, repellence to pests, oviposition deterrence,
adult emergence inhibition, ovicidal, larvicidal, pupaecidal activity, and
feeding deterrence based on their contact toxicity and fumigation effects.
Thus, managing of crop pests using plant secondary metabolites can be more
easily integrated into agro-ecologically sustainable crop production systems.
Traditional and Biocultural Potential of Toko Plant (Livistona jenkinsiana Griff) in East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh
Ogam Dai, Vikaspal Singh, Rashmi T. Chamoli and A.K. Uniyal*
ABSTRACT
A brief study was conducted in Mirku, Napit, Balek, and Takilalung villages of
East Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh. The district has diverse forest
ecosystems that provide both economic and social benefits for local people.
Livistona jenkinsiana Griff (locally called Toko by the Adi tribe), is a plant
species that provide both economic and social benefits for the local
community and it also has traditional and cultural significance within the
community. Male and female members engaged in toko plantations were
chosen as the respondents of the study. Using personal interviews;
questionnaire-based data were collected. Based on the village and forest
survey, it was observed that toko in good numbers in varying habitats viz,
jhum lands, morang, home gardens, and around paddy fields. The Adi tribe in
the area planted toko as an agroforestry component. The overall
establishment cost is relatively less compared to other plantations in the
region. (Such as orange and pineapple). Women play a significant role in the
conservation of this species. The number of bio-culturally important products
made out of the leaves and fruits of toko.